The Wenhaston medieval Doom

There has been a church at Wenhaston since the Saxon period when it was owned by Blythburgh Priory. Most of the present building dates to the 14th and 15th centuries. The south door retains its medieval sanctuary knocker. Just inside the door is a beautifully carved wooden panel that must have formed part of a Jacobean pew. at the east end of the nave is a Jacobean pulpit with excellent carved details, including figures of angels on the book rest brackets. The chancel roof is decorated with carved bosses, and the choir stalls have particularly good carved bench ends. The east window has colourful Victorian glass, and on either side are 18th-century marble monuments to members of the Leman family. At the west end of the nave is a plain octagonal font, along with a royal coat of arms to George III and a charity board.

Few people find their way to Wenhaston by chance, located off the beaten track but just a few miles from the famous medieval church at Blythburgh. Those that make the effort to seek out Wenhaston are rewarded with one of the most remarkable medieval works of art in Britain - and this was exactly what I had come to see!

The Wenhaston Doom, a Last Judgement painting, is thought to have been made and erected by a monk from Blythburgh ca 1480 AD. It stood originally over the chancel arch but was probably covered in 1549 during the strongly Protestant reign of Edward VI.

The chancel became completely shut off from the nave by what was thought to be a whitewashed partition. In 1889, this partition was taken to pieces and placed in the churchyard ready to be demolished. Heavy rain in the night washed off some of the plaster, so that parts of the painting began to reappear. The whole partition was then cleaned and during the major restoration of 1892 it was re-erected in its present state over the entrance to the belfry. Later it was moved to its present position on the north wall where it partly covers the monument to the last member of the Leman line.

These paintings of the Last Judgement were quite common in mediaeval churches. The position of the Doom over the chancel arch is explained by the symbolism which pictured the nave as representing the Church Militant and the chancel as the Church Triumphant which are separated by the Judgement. 

An uncommon feature is that the Rood was once attached to the painting, a sculptured figure of our Lord on the Cross, flanked by those of the Virgin and St John. The space can be seen where these figures once had been. A Rood or Rood cross, sometimes known as a triumphal cross, is a cross or crucifix, especially the large crucifix set above the entrance to the chancel of a medieval church. Alternatively, it is a large sculpture or painting of the crucifixion of Jesus.

Under the painting is a text, Elizabethan, from an unknown version of the English Bible, Romans 13, v 1-4 which reads:

"Let every soule submit him selfe unto the authorytye of the hygher powers for there is no power but of God the Powers that be are ordeyend of God, but they that rest or are againste the ordinaunce of God shall receyve to themselves utter damnacion. For rulers are not fearefull to them that do good but to them that do evyll for he is the mynister of God."

Perhaps this was intended to reinforce the severe warnings of the Act of Uniformity and to discourage any form of dissent?

Seated on a rainbow, the Divine Judge holds out His hands showing the wounds. a scroll nearby reads Venite benedicti (Come ye blessed). The Virgin Mary and John the Baptist in camel hair are supplicating for mankind. The second scroll near the moon reads Discedite mal-editicte, (Depart ye cursed).

At the lower right of Cross are the scales for the weighing of souls with a figure representing a good deed and demons representing evil deeds. Satan holds a scroll - formal accusation of the accused.
At the left of the Cross is St Peter in cope and triple Papal tiara holding the key to the gate of heaven. He receives four of the saved - a King, a Queen, a Bishop, and a Cardinal.

Left of that group are the Heavenly (castellated) mansions; with an angel admitting a soul at each gate.

The fish's head and swine's snout on the far right represent the Jaws of Hell. A demon is blowing a ram's horn while figures in attitudes of despair are encircled by red hot chains while they are prodded into the chasm. The Seven Deadly Sins are represented and one, Lust (?) is seen carrying a female figure upside down. Five of the dead are rising from their graves to meet their Judge.

The hidden paintings survived Cromwell's Commonwealth, when iconoclasts like William Dowsing scoured East Anglia for Papist images in a frenzy of destruction. Dowsing visited Wenhaston, and destroyed windows, tore carved angels from the roof, and had the pulpit, altar, and organ removed from the church. It seems remarkable that there are still so many historic features to enjoy!

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Landguard Scavenger Hunt with Gill Moon

The idea of the Scavenger Hunt was to start with a list of words supplied by Gill, and your task was to walk the area with camera in hand and match what you see, to the list of supplied words. Open to interpretation, and nothing is really wrong - just your viewpoint matters. It`s great fun and certainly makes you observe your surroundings very carefully. The first image is in fact not in the hunt for me, although some people used it. It is in fact  a Thames Barge returning from the Pin Mill annual barge race on the previous day.

Thames Barge off the coast at Landguard Point

Image 1:  Person in the landscape. I thought she fitted the bill but I must confess it was initially the dog which attracted me.

Image 2: Nice easy one in that area - Ship or boat.

Image 3: Natural and man made

Image 4: Repetition - railings and containers.

Image 5: Curves or lines

Image 6: Part of something

Image 7: Historic or old - easy with the old fort next to you!

Image 8 & 9: I cheated a bit here and combined two images - Colour and Plant Life

Image 10: As Gill had missed a number, some of us put an extra one in of our own. Mine was this Linnett on the bushes nearby.

And to finnish off, a view of the activity which take place in one of the countries larges container ports all the time. Two large container ships.

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Pembrokeshire with Hayley and Izobelle

One of my favourite parts of the UK is the Welsh county of Pembrokeshire. As Hayley and Izobelle had never visited this part of the world, we were all looking forward with great anticipation, especially with a trip to Skomer booked as well. As Robert Burns penned - `The best laid plans of mice....` To put it shortly, it didn`t work out as planed!

We had booked a holiday cottage near MiIlford Haven - which was lovely. It was also reasonably close to Broad Haven and Little Haven and not too far from St Davids. However, the highlight was to be a trip across to Skoma to see the puffins. Unfortunately, although the weather was reasonable ie not raining, the wind had settled in the north and was fresh. This led to a cancellation of our sailing at 7am on the morning we were going. Dissapointing for all.

This was on top of the most horrendous traffic queus while trying to reach our destination in the first place. Several hours on top of a long journey, in fact!

The glorious coastline of this part of the world.

Some really simple things keep people amused and this swing in the garden was one of them.

A visit and wander along Broad Haven to Little Haven gave us these spectacular views of the near empty beach.

Another view nearer to Little Haven

As we wandered along the beach there were many rock pools to search and various creature encounterd.

Then to just sit in the sun on the beautiful beach and make sand castles.

Or just soak up the sun.

Or even stand in this cave like entrance and pose for Grandad.

Burton (Hanging Stone) burial chamber

This monument comprises the remains of a chambered tomb, dating to the Neolithic period (c. 4,400 BC - 2,900 BC). Chambered tombs were built and used by local farming communities over long periods of time. There appear to be many regional traditions and variations in shape and construction.

The Burton (Hanging Stone) burial chamber is incorporated into a hedge bank which runs northwest to southeast and is formed by a large triangular capstone supported on three tall uprights; internally it is 2m in length, 1.6m wide and 1.6m in height. This we spotted on the map as within walking distance of where we were staying so Hayley and I set off one afternoon to have a look.

The hedge contains many large stones especially the western side and have been suggested as a second capstone and three further uprights and may well incorporate part of the chamber or cairn.

The monument is of national importance for its potential to enhance our knowledge of prehistoric burial and ritual. The monument is an important relic of a prehistoric funerary and ritual landscape and retains significant archaeological potential, with a strong probability of the presence of both intact burial or ritual deposits and environmental and structural evidence, including a buried prehistoric land surface. Chambered tombs may be part of a larger cluster of monuments and their importance can further enhanced by their group value.

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Jubilee Celebrations

The year 2022 marked the 70th year of our Queen`s reign - becoming the first British Monarch to reach that milestone. Celebrations were held across the country so each community marked the celebration in its own style. Hadleigh took part in the torch relay and Layham village held a fete on 6th June.

The torch relay leg started in St Mary`s Church in Hadleigh and a couple of images taken, (Gloria in chair) before they set off. Each community seems to be doing a leg as it makes its way around Suffolk. It would arrive back in Ipswich at the Show Ground and be lit in Christchurch Mansion grounds the following night.

 And she is off! - down the High Street.

Rosey sets up her photographs and the PlaySchool tent is ready for action

Records (yes - records!) are ready and DJ puts on his patriotic waiscoat.

 Our own `Queen` poses with Rosey.

Despite the threat of rain in the days leading to our event, on the day it held off all day, and only started to fall as we were clearing up. All in all a very successful event enjoyed by all.

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Interesting buildings in Ipswich

A brief wander around Ipswich and a few of the interesting buildings I photographed. No doubt there will be many more in the future.

 

Bethesda Baptist Church, 9 St Margarets Plain, Ipswich, IP4 2BB

Bethesda is a Baptist Church, members who express a wish to follow Jesus’ command are baptised by total immersion, there is a pool under the dais at the front of the building. Before the current church was built members were baptised in the River Orwell. I don`t think people would want to do this today!

There has been a group of ‘independents’ meeting on the corner of St Margarets Plain since 1782 (when Fonnereau Road was known as Dairy Lane and a stream ran down the middle of the road). By 1834 they had outgrown their building and moved to St Nicholas Street. They did however retain an interest in the site.

In the early years of the twentieth century, it was decided to build a new church on the site of the original meeting place; in 1906 the foundation stone for the new Sunday School was laid, which opened six months later. The total cost had been less than £1,000.

In July 1911, Mrs Susannah Page died aged 81, she had been a member of Bethesda for 67 years and had been Baptised in the river. Her son Arthur offered to pay for the new church building as a memorial to his mother. Numbers 1 to 9 St Margarets Plain were purchased to provide the space needed, the final service in the old Fonnereau Road building was held on 31 December 1911, which was then demolished, the resulting rubble being sold for £88.

The new Bethesda Church held its first service at 7am on Wednesday 2 July 1913, followed by further services later in the morning, in the afternoon and the evening. What London architect Fred Faunch had created was probably Ipswich’s finest façade of the twentieth century. A flight of steps leading to four Cornish granite columns visible the length of Northgate Street.

Number 86 Fore Street

A C15-C16 timber-framed and plastered building, originally the Old Neptune Inn, considerably restored but retaining many original features. A C15 hall block extends east and west and a C16 Solar wing extends south at the rear.
It is dated 1639, probably recording the time alterations were made to the house. The front has a projecting eaves with a carved eaves board supported by carved brackets. The first storey has 2 oriel bay windows with lattice leaded lights and fine carved frames, supported on carved brackets. Small
mullioned casements flank the oriels below the eaves. The ground storey has one 6-light mullioned and transomed window (with 2 carved mullions). A painted panel between the oriels has a similar representation.
At the rear a solar wing extends south, timber framed and plastered, with a jettied upper storey with large casements and a large mullioned and transomed window on the ground storey. The interior has a fine C17 fireplace and moulded beams and ceiling joists. Roofs tiled, with 2 gabled dormers on the front.

There is a 4-centred doorway with carved spandrels representing Neptune and a coa serpent.

The Lord Nelson

The Lord Nelson can trace its history back to 1672 during the reign of Charles II when the local Headboroughs ordered inn keeper William Stephens to repair his pavement. In those early years the hostelry was known as the Noah's Ark, the name was changed in recognition of Nelson becoming High Steward of Ipswich (1800 - 1805). The fact that the Noah's Ark was an Inn rather than just a tavern or alehouse is confirmed by an entry in the borough records of 1696 when a payment was made to the Landlord for billeting soldiers. The building, originally two fifteenth century timber framed cottages has been listed Grade II by the Department of the Environment. 

You might wonder why the Lord Nelson in Fore Street has a glazed brick elevation to the ground floor when it is clearly a timber framed building of some considerable age. The brick front was added in the twentieth century as a flood defensive measure, an acceptance that the Orwell would overflow again sometime in the future and Fore Street would be underwater. The glazed bricks are not for flood prevention, that would be much too big a task for a little pub like the ‘Nelson, but simply materials that are robust enough to withstand a short spell of immersion and are reasonably easy to clean immediately thereafter.

In early 2019, Ipswich Borough Council announced its plan to restore the town’s landmark former post office. The Grade II listed building was first opened in 1881, survived two world wars and, during the 1940s, contributed to the UK’s war effort through its finials, which contained strategic metals. Since then, the Old Post Office has housed banks and various other institutions. It now houses the The Botanist Ipswich Bar & Restaurant.

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Bury St Edmunds - The Abbey.

2022 - A year of celebrations to mark 1,000 years since the founding of the Abbey of St Edmund in Bury St Edmunds by King Canute. Various events are being held this year and I took a brief visit to get a snapshot of the celebrations. Obviously, I have visited Bury many times before, so the first couple of images are from the beautiful gardens taken previously.

The gardens really are worth a visit on their own. They are always kept in immaculate condition no matter what the time of year. The first Patron Saint of England and King of East Anglia, Saint Edmund was enshrined in the Abbey lending his name to the town. The shrine brought visits from across the UK and abroad including Royalty as the Abbey became one of the most famous and wealthy pilgrimage locations in England. Today, the extensive Abbey remains are surrounded by the Abbey Gardens, which are visited by some 1.3million people every year. So onto some images of the ruins of the original abbey..

The story of St Edmund, who ruled East Anglia from AD 855 to 869 and was most likely crowned on Christmas Day, tells of the brave King Edmund who was killed by Danish invaders on 20 November 869 after refusing to denounce his Christianity. So goes the story; not sure the Danes were too bothered about other peoples religion! Anyway it makes a great story and the following two images (in Bury) give another angle on it, the King being tied to a stake and shot to death with arrows!

A wolf is a central figure of his story. The story goes that after being tied to a tree and shot full of arrows he was then beheaded. The king's body was found but his head was missing.

His supporters heard a wolf call to them and they found him guarding the king's head, which was then reunited with his body and body and head fused back together. This was the first of many miracles! Amazing what people will believe! Anyway, in our local Church of St Mary is a pew end relating to this story.

 A wolf with a head in its jaw.

In 903 the remains of St Edmund, the original Patron Saint of England, were moved to the Anglo-Saxon settlement of Beodericsworth (later known as Bury St Edmunds) where the site had already been in religious use for nearly three centuries.

St Edmund’s body was moved to London in 1010 for safe keeping when The Danes were again marauding through East Anglia but three years later his body was returned to Beodericsworth.

In 1020, King Canute had a stone church built for Edmund's body and the first abbots arrived. This was the beginning of the Abbey of St Edmund and it became a site of great pilgrimage as people from all over Europe came to visit St Edmund’s shrine.

When the great Abbey Church was built in 1095 St Edmund’s body was moved there in a silver and gold shrine. The shrine became one of the most famous and wealthy pilgrimage locations in England. For centuries the shrine was visited by various kings of England, many of whom gave generously to the abbey. The last time that Edmund’s body was verified was in 1198 after a fire set the shrine alight.

The Abbey was desecrated during Henry VIII's Dissolution of the Monasteries in 1539 and Edmund’s remains are believed to have been removed from the shrine.

The commissioners who dissolved the Abbey in 1539, mentioned nothing about the body, and given St Edmund's royal status it is likely they would have quietly allowed the monks to remove the body from the shrine and relocate it. The whereabouts of St Edmund remains a mystery today.

In his book Edmund – In Search of England’s Lost King, historian Dr Francis Young explores the theory that St Edmund’s remains still lie within the abbey ruins today. In 2013 he came across a document that was previously unknown, from a monk that said Edmund’s body was placed in an iron chest. In his book Dr Young explains his theory that St Edmund may be buried in the monks’ cemetery which lay beneath the former tennis courts in the Abbey Gardens and consecrated ground.

Few historical facts about Edmund are known, as the kingdom of East Anglia was devastated by the Vikings, who destroyed any contemporary evidence of his reign. Coins minted by Edmund indicate that he succeeded Æthelweard of East Anglia, as they shared the same moneyers. He is thought to have been of East Anglian origin, but 12th century writers produced fictitious accounts of his family, succession and his rule as king. Edmund's death was mentioned in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, which relates that he was killed in 869 after the Great Heathen Army advanced into East Anglia. Medieval versions of Edmund's life and martyrdom differ as to whether he died in battle fighting the Great Heathen Army, or if he met his death after being captured and then refusing the Viking leaders' demand that he renounce Christ.

The magnificent modern Abbey Church

A view of the stunning interior looking toward the Sanctuary.

One other reason I went to visit was that seven manuscripts from the Abbey Scriptorium were being reunited for the first time in their place of origin since 1539. Written and decorated by hand by monks in the Abbey, they will be displayed in the Cathedral Treasury. The manuscripts are on loan from Pembroke College, Cambridge where they were donated by William Smart (Portreeve of Ipswich) in 1599. They really were in marvelous condition, and I cannot believe how such small, neat writing was done by hand, and not just a sheet of paper but book after book. - amazing!

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